Omghawaii

Argon2 is a key derivation function that was selected as the winner of the Password Hashing Competition in July 2015.^[1][2] It was designed by Alex Biryukov, Daniel Dinu, and Dmitry Khovratovich from the University of Luxembourg.^[3] The reference implementation of Argon2 is released under a Creative Commons CC0 license (i.e. public domain) or the Apache License 2.0, and provides three related versions:

May 20, 2019  Argon, with filled n = 1, 2, and 3 principal shells, has three peaks. The peak for the filled n = 1 shell occurs at successively shorter distances for neon (Z = 10) and argon (Z = 18) because, with a greater number of protons, their nuclei are.

• Argon2d maximizes resistance to GPU cracking attacks. It accesses the memory array in a password dependent order, which reduces the possibility of time–memory trade-off (TMTO) attacks, but introduces possible side-channel attacks.
• Argon2i is optimized to resist side-channel attacks. It accesses the memory array in a password independent order.
• Argon2id is a hybrid version. It follows the Argon2i approach for the first pass over memory and the Argon2d approach for subsequent passes. The Internet draft^[4] recommends using Argon2id except when there are reasons to prefer one of the other two modes.

All three modes allow specification by three parameters that control:

Nonflammable Refrigerated Liquid Mixture: Argon (Refrigerated Liquid) 75% / Carbon Dioxide (Refrigerated Liquid) 25% Section 4. First aid measures Protection of first-aiders:No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. It may be dangerous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Nonflammable Gas Mixture: Argon / Carbon Dioxide / Helium Section 4. First aid measures See toxicological information (Section 11) Section 5. Fire-fighting measures Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if there is a fire. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable.

• execution time
• memory required
• degree of parallelism

Argon 80

Cryptanalysis[edit]

While there is no public cryptanalysis applicable to Argon2d, there are two published attacks on the Argon2i function. The first attack is applicable only to the old version of Argon2i, while the second has been extended to the latest version (1.3)^[5]

The first attack shows that it is possible to compute a single-pass Argon2i function using between a quarter and a fifth of the desired space with no time penalty, and compute a multiple-pass Argon2i using only N/e < N/2.71 space with no time penalty.^[6] According to the Argon2 authors, this attack vector was fixed in version 1.3.^[7]

The second attack shows that Argon2i can be computed by an algorithm which has complexity O(n^7/4 log(n)) for all choices of parameters σ (space cost), τ (time cost), and thread-count such that n=σ∗τ.^[8] The Argon2 authors claim that this attack is not efficient if Argon2i is used with three or more passes.^[7] However, Joël Alwen and Jeremiah Blocki improved the attack and showed that in order for the attack to fail, Argon2i 1.3 needs more than 10 passes over memory.^[5]

Algorithm[edit]

Variable-length hash function[edit]

Argon2 makes use of a hash function capable of producing digests up to 2³² bytes long. This hash function is internally built upon Blake2.

References[edit]

1. ^'Password Hashing Competition'
2. ^Jos Wetzels (2016-02-08). 'Open Sesame: The Password Hashing Competition and Argon2'(PDF).Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
3. ^Argon2: the memory-hard function for password hashing and other applications, Alex Biryukov, et al, October 1, 2015
4. ^https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-irtf-cfrg-argon2/ The memory-hard Argon2 password hash and proof-of-work function, draft-irtf-cfrg-argon2-03, accessed August 16, 2017
5. ^ ^abJoël Alwen, Jeremiah Blocki (2016-08-05). 'Towards Practical Attacks on Argon2i and Balloon Hashing'(PDF).Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
6. ^Henry Corrigan-Gibbs, Dan Boneh, Stuart Schechter (2016-01-14). 'Balloon Hashing: Provably Space-Hard Hash Functions withmw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608'>
7. ^ ^ab'[Cfrg] Argon2 v.1.3'. www.ietf.org. Retrieved 2016-10-30.
8. ^Joel Alwen, Jeremiah Blocki (2016-02-19). 'Efficiently Computingmw-data:TemplateStyles:r935243608'>

External links[edit]

Argon 80 Cylinder